Objective:
To investigate the association between serum magnesium levels and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Key Findings:
- Low serum magnesium levels are significantly associated with diabetic retinopathy.
- Individuals with DR had lower circulating magnesium levels than controls.
- Reduced magnesium levels were consistently observed across multiple subgroups.
- Patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy exhibited lower magnesium levels compared to those with non-proliferative disease.
Interpretation:
Limitations:
- The evidence is observational with low certainty due to significant heterogeneity.
Conclusion:
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